How to learn to write correctly and do it as quickly as possible - I explain and give practical advice

Many consider competent speech to be a talent that is given to a select few and is necessary only in some areas of activity. In fact, everyone should think about how to develop speech. After all, good diction makes you listen to the person speaking and trust his opinion more. In addition, such a skill often contributes to career growth, especially if performing job duties requires frequent communication with people.

Write about what you see outside the window

To learn to write correctly, you need to start writing. For example, take a pen and a piece of paper, sit at a table and write some text.

If you don’t know what to write about, and words don’t come to your mind at all, look out the window. And write about what you see there.

You need to write on paper. So that the phone does not correct errors for you, and the computer does not highlight them with red or green stripes. Just you, pen and paper. And the view outside the window. Nothing else.

Main causes of speech problems

It is impossible to achieve positive results in the development of diction if you do not understand the causes of speech disorders. Only rarely are they associated with health problems and develop, for example, due to an abnormal jaw structure or a short frenulum of the tongue.

For many people, speech problems are caused by incorrect pronunciation of whistling and hissing sounds, as well as the absence of the “L” or “R” sounds, or a violation of their pronunciation. A weakened articulatory apparatus may also be the cause.

Even if a person can speak well, pronouncing all sounds correctly, in particularly significant situations his speech may become slurred and unclear. After all, when pronouncing words, the articulatory apparatus needs to very quickly switch from one movement to another. This can only be achieved through active and intensive work of the muscles that need to be trained, for example, by regularly pronouncing tongue twisters for diction.

However, the main reason for slurred, quiet speech is a person’s shyness and lack of self-confidence. In such a situation, the development of diction is a secondary problem. First of all, you need to work on your own character and fight complexes.

Place question marks

What does it mean to “write correctly”? This means being able to explain every letter and every punctuation mark in a written text.

Pick up a simple pencil and start checking each letter in the written text. Ask yourself: “Why did I write this particular letter? Why did I put this particular sign?”

If you cannot give an answer, put a question mark.

To answer the question “why” means to say something like this:

1. In the word “pol...gat” I wrote “a” because after the root “lag” there is a suffix “a”.
2. I wrote the word “blood” with an “o” because it is a dictionary word.
3. At the root of the word “b...fly” I wrote “e”, because the test is “white”.
4. In the adjective “green (field)” I wrote “o” because the adjective answers the question “which?”: the field (which?) is green.
5. I wrote the prefix in the word “pr...open” with “and”, because the word means “incomplete action” - the window is open, but not completely, OPEN.
6. In the sentence “Cars drive and flies fly,” I put a comma before “and” because the sentence is complex; simple sentences do not have any common part within it.
7. In the sentence “The sun, covered by clouds, hid behind the house,” I put two commas because they highlighted the participial phrase that comes after the word being defined.

If you can’t give answers like this based on some letter or some sign, it means you don’t know the rules and are writing at random. If you're lucky, you'll write correctly; if not, you'll make a mistake.

How to improve your child's speech

For any child, parents are role models in everything, including spoken language. To develop good speech skills in children, parents themselves must possess them. You should always talk to your baby at a level higher than his own. It is important to articulate well, to pronounce with different intonations, like a question and an answer. Thus, the child will constantly improve his speech.

While the child is still small, unfamiliar words need to be repeated many times (this can cause difficulties) so that he remembers them and pronounces them with clear articulation. If by the age of 5-6 years the child has a diction disorder and speaks indistinctly, do not neglect visiting a professional speech therapist for speech correction, he will help correct the situation. You need to understand that improving your vocabulary is only possible with your help: read books, poems and communicate clearly with your child.

Practice spelling and punctograms

A person absorbs only 20% of the information he reads. And when he reads about the rules of writing words or placing punctuation marks - in general, probably five percent. If not less.

Therefore, in order to remember each rule, you need to practice all your question marks, all spellings and punctograms in writing.

To work out means to answer three questions: “What”, “Where”, “Why”.

For example, here I am practicing the spelling of the word “du(b/p)”. See:

1. What? Letter "b".
2. Where? The root of the word is "oak". I say this and also trace the root with a pencil.
3. Why? Because the test word is “oaks”. I write this word next to it in parentheses, underlining the letter “b” with one stroke, and “s” with two strokes. And again I highlight the root “oak” to show that this is the same “b” and not some other one.

If you've never done this before, here's my article about spelling, where I talk about it in a little more detail. And here is my video, in which I also teach how to give correct explanations of spellings and analyze the word “water” as an example.

Why do you need good diction?

Teacher, educator, TV presenter, actor, singer, speaker are just a small part of the professions where having perfect diction plays a big role. In general, any person needs good diction in everyday life. People with perfect diction find it easier to:

• find a job, friends;
• convey your thoughts to listeners;
• make a good impression during a speech;
• attract the attention of the audience.

Diction is a fundamental element of human culture. In addition, the presence of speech defects gives rise to complexes that accompany a person throughout his life.

Write more

Write some more text. For example, think about one of the following topics:

1. Why should you read books?
2. Why does a person need money?
3. How to become happy.
4. What day in my life do I remember more vividly than any other and why.
5. Why do I want to learn how to write correctly?

Then run your eyes over this text again, place question marks and work through them.

Why is it necessary to write texts?

Look what's the matter. It is impossible to achieve absolute literacy. That is, it is impossible to remember how absolutely all words are written in Russian. But to be a literate person, you need to learn how to correctly write the words that you constantly use.

If you write texts systematically, you will realize that you use approximately the same words. Of course, it all depends on the topic of the text, but still. Your grammatical structures will also be very similar. Some sentences will be simple, others will be complex, and others will be complex with one or two clauses of different types.

And if you work out the spellings and punctograms very well in these “favorite” words and constructions, then you will immediately begin to feel much more confident. You'll realize, “Yeah, I can write this. And here it is. And that too. I know that I have everything written here correctly. How amazing!"

How to learn to write correctly

The training plan depends on your initial data:

1. If you just don't know how to spell some difficult words like "affiliated", all you have to do is install a dictionary app on your phone and study it in your free time.
2. If you have problems with commas, then you need to re-read all the punctuation rules, look at examples and do exercises in online services more often.
3. If literacy is very difficult, then you will have to go through the entire school curriculum from scratch.

Fortunately, now you don’t have to memorize boring rules in a dry formulation. There are visual signs, diagrams, examples, video tutorials and online services to test your knowledge.

Learning Russian has become easier than ever before.

Determine your baseline data

It's unlikely that you'll need to study everything inside and out, so the first step is to identify your weak areas.

You can test your knowledge using an interactive dictation in which you need to fill in the blanks correctly. For example, on the website https://dict.mosmetod.ru.

Choose any passage that you like, press the space bar in the text and choose the correct answer. Finally, click the “Check” button. Errors will be highlighted in red.

With this simple test you can understand your language skills and identify your weaknesses.

Popular mistakes

The artist dalwen (Anna Belovitskaya) created funny pictures in which she clearly shows the rules of the Russian language with examples. In them, she analyzes the most popular mistakes that many people make.

1. The ending is / tsya in verbs.

2. During/during. The endings in these words are often confusing, but everything is quite simple: the ending “... ni” is used when “where” is possible. For example, “I will find myself (where?) in the flow of the river.”

3. As a consequence/as a consequence. This is also checked using an additional question. If the question “where? in what?”, then you need to write separately and put “and” at the end. If the word can be replaced with “due to”, then the word “due to” should be used.

4. Difficulties arise with the use of the words “put on” and “dress.” To remember, you can use the hint “Put on Nadezhda, put on clothes.”

5. In general/in general, and also some combine them into the word “in general,” which does not exist.

6. To/what would. The easiest way to determine the correct spelling is to pause between “what” and “would” or remove the “would” altogether. If the meaning has not changed, then you need to write separately.

7. Why/for what – in the first case it acts as a question “for what” or “for what purpose”, and in the second it is used to clarify the location (behind the wall).

8. Also/the same. The continuous spelling is used if it can be replaced with “and” (“I also want ice cream” = “and I want ice cream”). They write separately if it can be replaced with the word “same” (“I want the same ice cream as he has” = “I want the same ice cream as he has”).

9. You will/will be – the difference is in one letter, but the meaning changes completely.

10. And don’t forget to put a soft sign after the sibilants at the end of the second person singular verb.

Many cards can be found on the Internet, and if you wish, you can purchase a book in the maze.

Buy a good textbook with theory

I recommend to you the school textbook by V.V. Babaytseva “Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grades." I recommend it for the following reasons.

There are no exercises in this textbook. It's just a theory. This is like a reference book that contains all the information a student needs about the Russian language. Everything that needs to be taken out of school regarding the Russian language fits into this one book.

The textbook is written in clear language. This is not complex academic literature. Vera Vasilievna tried to write in such a way that the child could understand and assimilate everything.

The textbook itself is an example of competent written language. Everything is written there without spelling, punctuation or speech errors. Read carefully, watch how the author reveals a particular topic, how he constructs sentences, etc.

Components of diction

Diction has its own components, and even an adult can and should work with them, thereby improving his speech in the process.

The components of diction are as follows:

• Correct articulation is the location of the organs of articulation in the position necessary for the correct pronunciation of sounds.
• Clear articulation – accurate pronunciation of sounds and syllables within a word. The clarity of articulation determines the intelligibility of speech. Clear pronunciation of sounds and syllables directly depends on the training of the articulatory apparatus.
• Manner of pronunciation is the way of pronouncing certain words inherent in an individual. The peculiarity of stretching or “swallowing” some syllables, making pauses at the beginning or end of a word, adding extraneous sounds between words, filler words, the pace of pronunciation - all this is a manner of pronunciation.

Buy a textbook with exercises and do them in writing

In terms of exercises, Babaytseva’s textbooks are also good – “Russian Language. Practice,” and Ladyzhenskaya’s textbooks. For example, here is a link to her textbook for grade 5.

You won't need all the exercises in any of these textbooks. You want to learn how to write correctly, so you can omit part of the theory of the Russian language. For example, you don’t have to do exercises on distinguishing between archaisms and historicisms and other similar topics.

You must first do those exercises in which you need to insert missing letters and place punctuation marks. Naturally, each spelling and punctogram must be explained as I did in the previous blocks of the article.

All exercises must be completed in writing. You must memorize the spelling of words directly through writing. The brain will remember spellings better when you write this or that word yourself. And then you will parse it further, underline the spelling, highlight the morpheme, write the test word.

For which classes should I take textbooks? For all. Well, at least from fifth to ninth grade.

Why do you need to do exercises?

The fact is that in the exercises you will encounter words and grammatical structures that may not be in your “head” or in your vocabulary. However, you will definitely come across these words and constructions somewhere else in life. Because in the school course of the Russian language, the vocabulary and grammar that native speakers constantly use in life are studied. You must master this “basis” at all costs.

Basic techniques and exercises for speech development

Below we present the most effective exercises to improve your diction. Clear speech and a well-trained voice are the result of long and hard work on oneself. Therefore, it is necessary to perform these exercises regularly, and not occasionally, because this is the only way you will make progress in the development of your speech.

Warm-up for the articulatory apparatus

Before performing any exercises aimed at developing diction, short warm-ups will help you to prepare yourself for clarity of pronunciation. One of her options is to tightly clench a pencil with your teeth and say a phrase approximately 10-15 words long. Then take out the pencil and say the same phrase again. In order not to think about choosing a text every time, you can use any poem when performing this exercise.

Exercises aimed at improving their mobility and accuracy will also help you begin to speak better and strengthen the muscles of the organs involved in the speech process. After all, these are the characteristics that are required for the development of diction and high-quality pronunciation of sounds.

As you know, the most mobile organ of articulation is the tongue. Therefore, most of gymnastics is connected with it. There are many exercises, the regular implementation of which will eliminate the need to think about the question of how to develop speech. For example, you can stick out your tongue and try to reach it first to the chin, and then to the nose. Or, as if using a brush, use smooth movements to draw lines from the teeth to the larynx.

Pronouncing phrases with artificially complicated articulation

Tongue twisters for developing diction are considered a classic training option. With their help, you can practice clearly pronouncing different consonants in a calm environment. To achieve excellent results, it is enough to devote at least 5-10 minutes to exercise every day. However, to develop good diction there is one important rule: each phrase must be pronounced at a slow, medium and very fast pace.

You can start training with the simplest sentences, which teach you to clearly pronounce one or two sounds. For example, these could be:

• There are also more complex phrases that help you understand how to learn to speak words clearly and quickly, in which the pronunciation of two or more sounds in difficult combinations is practiced:

Pronouncing tongue twisters

There are also special tongue twisters for developing diction and eliminating problems with the pronunciation of certain sounds. A good way to figure out what exactly needs to be corrected is to listen to your own speech from the outside. Once the problems have been identified, you can begin to work on developing your diction.

First you need to learn how to pronounce an isolated sound correctly. Then it is necessary to achieve differentiation in speech of similar sounds, for example, “s” and “sh” or “r” and “l”. A significant help in correcting your speech can be pronouncing special phrases, for example:

You should move on to working on the next sound only after you have achieved the correct pronunciation of the first sound.

Reading aloud

In addition to speaking tongue twisters, it is also useful to read aloud to develop diction. Recording your voice on a voice recorder can be a good incentive. Few people, having heard their speech, would not want to improve it. By reading passages from books and making audio recordings, you can practice your pronunciation until it becomes almost perfect.

How to learn to speak so that it is really pleasant and interesting to listen to you? When reading aloud, avoid monotony and change your intonation. In addition, it is worth changing the volume and speed of reading, learning to highlight the most important points with pauses. But at the same time, control your speech so that such pauses are appropriate and not too long.

Also, do not lose sight of the fact that a calm and confident voice is best perceived by others. Whether he will be like this largely depends on the mood and internal state of a person, his ability to control emotions. However, by developing diction, you can learn to speak calmly and convincingly. For example, why not imagine yourself as a politician and talk about the state of the economy in the country while sitting in front of a mirror?

Elimination of filler words

The presence in colloquial speech of the words “well”, “damn”, “like”, “as if” always negatively affects how others perceive the content of the conversation. By getting rid of parasitic words, you will become more confident in yourself and notice that your opinion will be listened to more.

Vocabulary expansion

Another important aspect that needs to be taken into account is the need for constant intellectual development and vocabulary replenishment. A well-developed person can carry on a conversation in any situation and find the right words. To become just like this, you should read more, solve crossword puzzles more often and attend various self-development trainings.

If you devote even a few minutes every day to working on improving your diction, within a few months you will begin to speak well, and your voice itself will be transformed beyond recognition. Moreover, all the efforts made will undoubtedly be rewarded over time.

Diaphragm training

In the question of how to deliver a speech, a very important aspect is the ability to control breathing. Without it, the text may be interrupted by pauses and breaths in places where this violates its meaning or worsens its emotionality. As a result, speech will become abrupt, and the meaning of what is said is perceived worse.

Therefore, one of the first exercises to develop diction should be training to develop proper breathing:

• Place your feet shoulder-width apart, straighten your spine, place one hand on your chest and the other on your stomach. Inhaling through your nose, push your stomach forward. Then calmly exhale air through a small hole in your lips, returning your chest and stomach to their original position.
• To start speaking better over time, you can make the exercise more difficult. To do this, try to maintain proper breathing and at the same time walk, run in place, imitate chopping wood or sweeping the floor.
• You can improve the development of diction with the help of the following exercise. To begin, inhale calmly, and as you exhale, hold out any vowel for as long as possible. When you can hold a vowel for more than 25 seconds, try changing the tone of your voice.

Start exercising online

In parallel with writing texts and doing exercises, you need to study on some online services. And do this when you can’t work with the exercises or write on your own. For example, in public transport.

Of all the free programs, I can only recommend to you the simulators from the Vikium website. Here is the general page with the simulators for this project, you need the “Text Abilities” tab there.

Look at all the simulators that Vikium has posted on this tab. They are dedicated to the Russian language, but each program has its own characteristics. Some help you remember spelling rules, others help you remember punctuation rules, others teach you how to work with texts in general, others expand your vocabulary, and so on.

In general, I advise you to do this. Try working out on each simulator and select those that “catch you” the most. So that you are interested and do not get bored. Then make yourself a personal account on Wikium (it’s completely free), find the “Create training program” button there. And enter each selected exercise machine into the program so that you can exercise systematically.

Parasite words

Getting rid of parasitic words is not an easy task. They become a habit, and therefore during a conversation we simply do not notice our speech impediment.

The words “in short”, “well”, “like”, “this”, “as if”, “how to say”, “in general”, “you know”, “actually”, “let’s say”, when repeated many times, destroy all the charm of our presentation, even if we are talking about “smart” things.

Of course, this habit is not so easy to get rid of, which is why we gradually learn to speak without parasites. To do this, you can ask your family or friends to correct you.

As soon as others hear a forbidden word, let them immediately reprimand you. To increase efficiency, come up with a punishment for using filler words.

Get a special piggy bank and put a certain amount of money into it for each mistake you make in a conversation. There are “punishment boxes” in many offices. In this way, companies are fighting slang and profanity among their employees.

If you are an athlete, you may punish yourself differently. For every parasitic word spoken, force yourself to do push-ups.

It is not convenient to do exercises everywhere and not always, so you can write down tasks in a notebook and complete everything that has accumulated during the day in the evening or the next morning.

Just don't evade punishment. Your best assistant is self-control. Over time, you will speak clearly and intelligibly, the main thing is not to give up.

Sign up for Russian language courses

The good thing about the courses is that each of them has its own method of quickly mastering the rules of spelling and punctuation. And it will be great if you try to learn Russian using different methods and compare different approaches.

All normal Russian language courses are paid. Among the relatively inexpensive ones, I can recommend “Ideal Russian”. It costs 890 rubles and is held on the same Vikium platform. In the course, you will first study the theory, and then move on to consolidate it on specially designed unique simulators. There are no such programs in the general list of Wikium training programs.

I described other programs in these collections of articles. If you are studying at school, then perhaps one of the courses described there will suit you better.

1. General selection of Russian language courses.
2. Courses to prepare for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language.
3. Preparation for the OGE.
4. Preparing for the VPR.

Read, choose. Pay attention to courses that you will have access to forever. So that you can return to the material at any time and re-study or remember it.

What is competent speech

Competent, beautiful speech helps us establish full communication with our interlocutor. And incorrect delivery of speech with a large number of stylistic errors will negate all efforts, for example, when communicating with a boss or in a conflict situation in the family.

Competent, correct speech is the absence of words - “parasites”. Those with a small vocabulary are faced with the problem of using the following expressions: “kind of”, “well”, “like”, “uh”.

In addition, literacy is incompatible with swear words; even a good-looking person uses open swear words in his speech, but he still will not become a cultural intellectual. Therefore, good speech and verbal abuse and swearing are incompatible.

Moreover, literacy is not only the ability to accurately and clearly express thoughts, but also to speak to the point so that everyone can understand everything.

Trying to make your conversation literate, pay attention not only to your vocabulary, but also to culture. To do this, speak taking into account the rules and norms of punctuation, as well as the style of the Russian language.

Literacy is compliance with the rules of stress placement, the ability to raise or lower the tone at the right moment, maintain intonation, and the ability to withstand pauses.

Buy a guide

You should definitely have a reference book on the Russian language at home. For example, Rosenthal's reference book.

A reference book is a book that is written in a more complex language than a school textbook, in smaller font, and does not contain pictures, tables or diagrams.

I say this because it is very difficult to read the reference book. But you don't need to read it. You need to contact him.

To refer means to look into the reference book when doubt arises about spelling or punctuation marks.

Why is this guide necessary? After all, everything is on the Internet? Look, information from the Internet can be used when you don’t have time to look in a reference book. More often than not, the information on websites is quite trustworthy and can be relied upon.

But if you have time, then it’s better to look at the reference books. The following reasons:

1. It is 100% correct and accurate. These reference books are double-checked a hundred times before publication.
2. It deals with all cases, even very rare ones. Websites may only analyze the most popular spellings and punctograms. Because any webmaster makes a website so that many people come there. And so that you can make money from advertising. He simply will not consider unpopular requests.
3. It gives good and illustrative examples.

And one more reason. When you have a question, you look in a reference book and find the answer there, you feel joy. And you will definitely want to feel this joy again. And you will most likely read another chapter of the reference book. Or maybe even several chapters.

And this will be a great way forward.

Let's play and improve literacy

You can learn literacy easily and playfully. Do you like to solve crosswords? Wonderful! This means you learn new words and remember how they are written. Word puzzles, tests, anagrams, charades, and rebuses also perfectly develop our intellectual abilities.

If you have problems with oral speech, record yourself on a voice recorder. It’s very funny to listen to yourself, how many “like”, “in short”, “uh” we use! Pay attention to filler words and sentence construction. Speak the same passage after correcting all the shortcomings. The result will not be long in coming!

Read fiction

I believe that reading cannot teach you to write correctly. I have many friends who say: “I read a lot, but I still write with errors.” That is, reading will not teach you exactly how to work with spellings and punctograms.

But reading teaches you to feel the text better. You probably need not just to write correctly, but in principle to be able to write, to be able to express thoughts and feelings using words, to correctly assemble these words into sentences.

To do this, fiction is exactly what is needed. Moreover, it is not necessary to read some complex and voluminous texts like “Crime and Punishment” or “War and Peace”. You can start with short stories. For example, from these three:

1. Konstantin Paustovsky “Telegram”.
2. Anton Chekhov "Freeloaders".
3. Yuri Kazakov “Quiet Morning”.

Content

• Components of diction
• Why do you need good diction?
• Causes of poor diction
• How to develop diction
• Exercises to improve diction and clarity of speech Warm-up
• Pronunciation of individual sounds
• Breathing
• Tongue Twisters
• Diaphragm training

Rich vocabulary

Visualization of desires - what is this method, how to properly materialize thoughts

A rich vocabulary helps you express your thoughts beautifully and succeed in life. Rich speech speaks of a person’s culture and good education.

The importance of a rich vocabulary is great, since with its help you can express yourself freely, conduct business negotiations and quickly move towards your goals.

Knowing a lot of words and being able to speak beautifully are not the same thing. The vocabulary needs to be replenished with a broad outlook, knowledge, beautiful speech and expressiveness.

How to properly train tongue twisters to develop diction in adults?

When pronouncing some tongue twisters very quickly, a person may experience difficulties. Often, the “plug” occurs in a certain sound combination of a specific word. Don't go back to the beginning and try to read it quickly again. It will be much better and more effective to stop at a word that is difficult to pronounce, pronounce it several times clearly, slowly and thoughtfully, gradually increasing the pace. Try reading the tongue twister with different intonations (surprised, indignant, questioning, etc.) or humming it to the tune of a song. It is equally important when working with tongue twisters to convey their meaning by placing speech accents in the sentence.

Such exercises to develop articulation will take a lot of time, but can sharpen your diction.

Expert advice

It is very easy to recognize literate speech. She is confident, but not loud, you want to listen to her and agree with the speaker in everything. Experts will tell you how to enrich your speech:

1. Getting rid of parasitic words. Write them down on a piece of paper and evaluate your weak points. In everyday communication with people, try to avoid their pronunciation. Excessive use of them repels listeners. The words parasites are used due to the paucity of speech.
2. Speech development involves reading books out loud. This not only develops memory, but also deposits information in the subconscious about what speech should be like in a literate and educated person.
3. The question of how to develop your speech is irrelevant if a person is by nature tense and complex. You need to get rid of this first. If a person is unable to do this on his own, a qualified psychologist will help.

We talked about how to develop competent speech. Be confident in yourself, train on your own as much as you can, and within a month you will begin to reap the benefits of your efforts. Developing your speech and learning public speaking skills is not only pleasant, but also necessary for everyday life.