Creativity is a person’s creation of new values ​​in all spheres of life.

Creativity is what distinguishes human activity from the mechanical and soulless activity of machines. If the latter are conceived to carry out a certain program that does not allow deviation from it, then the ability to create something new or improve existing achievements, relying not only on intellectual achievements, but also on sensory sensations and approaching the solution of a problem from an unexpected angle, characterizes a person.

Creative activity - what is it?

The form of human activity aimed at creating a qualitatively new product is called creativity. The result of the creative process is an original solution or the “birth” of a new product, through the establishment of non-standard connections and relationships, passed through the inner world of the creator and reflected there.

Necessary conditions for creativity are:

• flexibility of thinking - the ability to offer a variety of ways to solve a problem;
• criticality – the ability to sensibly assess one’s own capabilities and work results;
• integrity of perception and forecasting of results.

Every person has the makings of creative abilities. You just need to be able to see and develop them. They can range from bright and outstanding global talents to less noticeable successes. But the essence of creativity is the same for everyone. Only the means of expression, the level of achievement and its social significance differ.

Educational establishments

Great responsibility falls on the shoulders of educators and teachers. It depends on them how much the child will be developed and able to understand the world around him. Most educational institutions have hobby groups, and music classes are included in the school curriculum. In addition, festive events are held where children can fully reveal their talent in plays, skits and musical performances. Chemistry and physics lessons include practical exercises and experiments, and this is also an integral part of creative activity. Russian language and literature develop imagination through presentations and essays on given topics. It has long been proven that absolutely any child has the ability for creative activity, and the task of teachers is to see them and help develop them. Do not forget that activities chosen and imposed by parents can harm and alienate children from art.

What types of creative activities are there?

Despite the fact that a person is capable of creating in any field of activity, in the generally accepted sense the meaning of the word “creativity” is still understood as art - the creation of artistic images using different ways of expressing them . In the modern world, these methods are divided into three groups:

• the first includes those that are perceived visually. This is fine and decorative art;
• in the second - ways of expressing a long-term character - fiction and music;
• The third group includes spatio-temporal modes of expression - these are theatrical, circus and film art.

The Latin word "art", which is translated as "art" until the 16th century, meant high quality work, rather than creative activity.

Artistic (visual) activities

Visual activity is the art of displaying images. It expresses both the thoughts, feelings and fantasies of the artist and the world around him. Includes:

• sculpture – creation of works of three-dimensional form:
• painting - capturing visual images by applying paints;
• graphics - the use of black and white or colored lines, strokes, spots and dots as visual means;
• photographic art - creating photographs that reflect an artistic vision of the world around us;
• architecture is the art of creating structures that, in addition to their functional purpose, have an aesthetic or cultural component. Along with the external design of buildings, this can include the design and decoration of the interior space.

The identification of artistic activity as a type of creativity, which later secured the concept of “art” for it, is attributed to the works of Leon Battista Albertier, who extolled the primacy of the intellectual components of artistic talent, rather than manual labor. Michelangelo Buonarroti is considered the first artist to separate creative activity from craftsmanship.

Music

Musical creativity is defined as the art of composing sounds that influences a person’s emotional background.

It is inseparable from performing activities. Despite the fact that the creation of new works is available to a much smaller number of musicians, talented performers also carry out creative activities, bringing to the performance their own style and vision of the works and, like great composers, have worldwide fame and respect for their talent.

The influence of musical creativity on a person is enormous! This is probably the only form of art that does not require comprehension from the listener. You can simply immerse yourself in music, “disconnecting” from the outside world and experiencing its healing effects.

Only in the 20th century, thanks to technical means of sound reproduction, music became a public pleasure. There is an opportunity to listen to it at any time, anywhere. Before this period, musical works were performed only live and in designated areas, so it was inaccessible to most people.

Literature

Literature is a type of creativity in which the author conveys ideas through words. It is with words that a writer paints like an artist.

However, writing is inseparable from reading, because only with the help of books read is the perception of works formed, their rethinking, as well as evaluation in terms of plot and aesthetic component.

Reading enriches the writer’s vocabulary, his experience and contributes to cultural, spiritual and moral development. In the future, relying on this base, and having in front of him artistic examples created by the world's greatest writers, he will write his works.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin is recognized as the greatest Russian writer, considered the father of native Russian literature, who did not accept Western influence. The poet had a unique style of presenting his thoughts, allowing him to touch on all aspects of the Russian language.

Film art

The most popular type of modern creativity, due to its high versatility. Any type of art can be filmed, making it more interesting to perceive, for example, by combining several artistic means of expression in one work: music, painting, literature. Theatrical productions, feature and popular science films, ballet - all this can be conveyed to the viewer through the art of cinema.

Filmmaking is a separate world, the basis of which is the American “dream factory” Hollywood . In addition to it, every civilized country has its own film production companies.

The issue of artistic evaluation of films is decided at film festivals. The most famous among them:

• Cannes;
• Venetian;
• Berlin;
• Moscow.

Also, the most highly rated films are awarded film awards:

• Oscar;
• Golden Globe;
• BAFTA;
• Saturn.

Arts and crafts

Decorative and applied arts are classified as fine arts. It is characterized by the manufacture of a product that has both a functional component and an artistic component; this distinguishes it from works of fine art that have only an aesthetic orientation.

Prominent representatives of products of this type of creativity are folk crafts that combine everyday orientation and artistic design. Along with fulfilling their immediate tasks, such things serve to decorate the interior of the home.

The most famous examples of Russian decorative and applied art are the products of masters:

• Khokhlomas - characteristically painting wooden dishes and furniture;
• Zhostovo - making trays with unique paintings;
• palekh - creating boxes with exclusive scenes from the life of the Russian people;
• Dymkovo – famous for its unique toys;
• Pavlova Posad - supplying woolen scarves with unique flower patterns.
• Gzhel - famous for its blue and white dishes.

Arts and crafts

An equally important part of creative activity includes a huge variety of components: sewing, embroidery, knitting, weaving, burning, carving, mosaic, stained glass, decoupage, modeling, sculpture, weaving, painting. A person encounters this type of art every moment. Whole life is filled with patterns on finishing materials, dishes, clothes, and household items. Particular attention should be paid to this type of sculpture. Monuments that symbolize important events for the country and the world, as well as significant people in history, have always occupied an important place in the life of society. A few centuries ago, sculpture was the most popular form of art, admired by everyone - from the common people to kings. There are different priorities now, but it still has its weight in the culture.

Why is it vital for a person to engage in creative activities?

Creative activity is a great way to escape from reality, an opportunity to restore your emotional background and collect your thoughts. With its help, a person can throw out a painful situation into work, experiencing it in a more or less exaggerated performance. This allows you to harmonize your future life.

Systematic art practice helps you see your own professional and artistic growth, and recognition of creative success, even minimal ones, increases self-esteem.

Creativity is a voluntary activity that brings pleasure and positive emotions from both the process and the result of work. This is an opportunity for self-realization. It can only be part of a hobby, or it can become a favorite job that generates income.

Creativity is a way of self-expression, self-development, and self-knowledge of a person. It has been the most important component of humanity for a huge number of years. It is thanks to creativity that a person constantly develops and changes for the better, creating cultural values ​​that are subsequently highly appreciated by both contemporaries and descendants.

Visual arts

This creative activity has always occupied a special place in the life of mankind. Artists' works are considered cultural heritage and are subject to careful analysis. They are stored in rooms with a certain temperature and often in special frames that prevent the destruction of the canvas. The greatest creators have left an indelible mark on art. The smile of the “Mona Lisa” has haunted all connoisseurs of Leonardo da Vinci’s work for 5 centuries. Perhaps the most famous painting in the world causes a lot of talk and gossip. Someone compares the mysterious woman to a predator before the jump. To some, she seems to be the ideal of beauty. And there are those who do not see anything unusual in her and do not understand the hype around this portrait.

Thanks to artists, modern people can imagine how people lived and looked several centuries and even millennia ago. The most significant paintings are not put up for sale, but even less outstanding works by famous authors sometimes cost a fortune. Connoisseurs are willing to pay a lot of money for the right to own a work of art. The same “Mona Lisa” is estimated at a billion dollars, but you will never be able to see it at auction. Da Vinci wasn't the only one who created masterpieces. Paintings by Monet, Rembrandt, Titian, Goya, Salvador Dali. Renoir and Van Gogh are part of the world cultural heritage and are never put up for sale.

Declension of the noun creativity

The role of interhemispheric asymmetry

Interhemispheric asymmetry (Greek b- “without” and ummephsib “proportionality”) is one of the fundamental patterns of brain organization not only in humans, but also in animals. It manifests itself not only in the morphology of the brain, but also in the interhemispheric asymmetry of mental processes.

As part of the ongoing research, the main attention is paid to the connection between hemispheric asymmetry and mental cognitive processes and the effect of damage to individual structures and areas of the brain on the course of these processes. [4]

Two types of thinking are associated with the functions of the left and right hemispheres in humans - abstract-logical and spatial-imaginative. There are several synonyms for this type of thinking. According to V. Rotenberg:

1. verbal and non-verbal (since abstract-logical thinking of the left hemisphere is based on the ability to produce language, in contrast to the figurative thinking of the right hemisphere);
2. analytical and synthetic (since the left hemisphere of logical thinking analyzes objects and phenomena, while the right hemisphere of imaginative thinking ensures the integrity of perception);
3. discrete and simultaneous (since the left hemisphere uses logical thinking to perform a series of sequential operations, while the right hemisphere uses imaginative thinking to acquire the ability to perceive and evaluate an object in one moment).

The right hemisphere, which establishes a specific spatial-imagery context, has been shown to be critical for creativity. Thus, with organic lesions (for example, physical) of the left hemisphere, artists and musicians practically do not lose their artistic abilities, and sometimes even increase the level of aesthetic expression of creativity, but damage to the right hemisphere can lead to a complete loss of creativity. [4]

Of the above three characteristics of spatial-imaginative thinking, the most significant are the last two - its ability to think holistically and at one level about objects and phenomena of the real world. The prevailing views in the literature, according to which the main difference between these two types of thinking is that logical thinking works with verbal material, and figurative thinking with images, seems to be the result of a misunderstanding. In split-brain people, the right hemisphere seems to be able to understand words and simple verbal structures, while the left hemisphere is also quite capable of recognizing pictures. The main difference between these two types of thinking, in our opinion, is determined by how the contextual connection between words and pictures is organized. Left-brain thinking organizes any material used (verbal or non-verbal) in such a way as to create an unambiguous context that is understood more or less equally by different people. Without the creation of such an unambiguous context, social interaction would be impossible. The word itself, taken out of context, does not have a clear meaning at all; on the contrary, in most cases it is ambiguous, which is especially clearly reflected in dictionaries. The word "scythe" can also mean an agricultural tool, a woman's hairstyle, a piece of land extending into the sea, and finally it can have a metaphorical meaning (for example, "death's scythe"). It is the context, i.e. The relationship of a given word to others in a sentence determines the specific and unambiguous meaning of this word. The task of such a contextual organization is to isolate and record only one of the entire possible set of meanings and semantic shades of a word and to establish a linear connection between such single meanings of individual words.

There is now direct evidence of the critical role of right-hemisphere thinking for creativity, which creates a specific spatial and creative context. It turns out that with organic damage to the left hemisphere of the brain, the artistic abilities of artists and musicians are practically not affected, and sometimes the level of aesthetic expression of creativity even increases.

After complete removal of the meningioma in the right hemisphere, the poet, despite complete recovery without defects in everyday thinking and speech, lost the ability to write poetry. A mathematician with a tumor in the right parieto-occipital region lost the ability to solve original problems with complete preservation of logical thinking. In recent years, differences in the distribution of neurons and interneuronal connections between the left and right temporal lobes have also been noted, which is consistent with the described functional differences.