The essence of socialization
Socialization is the most important type of social interaction, as a result of which the individual is formed as a full-fledged and full-fledged member of society.
The term “socialization” was introduced into law. XIX century sociologist F. Giddings and psychologist G. Tarde, with this concept they designated the process of personality formation and the development of human social nature under the influence of the social environment.
Note 1
Socialization in a broad sense is the determination of the origin and development of the generic nature of man, i.e. phylogenesis is the historical process of human development.
Socialization in the narrow sense is the process of mastering cultural norms and social roles that occurs throughout a person’s life. This is the process of introducing a person into society, assimilating the values and norms of this society, mastering the skills of social behavior.
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On the one hand, in the process of socialization the natural inclinations inherent in a person are realized, and on the other hand, with the participation of society, these inclinations are transformed through education, upbringing, and the introduction of the individual to culture into socially significant personality traits.
The formation of personality in the process of socialization occurs under the influence of institutions and agents of socialization. In the process of this interaction, social mechanisms of imitation and identification, individual and social control are triggered. They are influenced by national, social, moral, professional, and racial differences between people.
Agents of socialization are people who teach cultural norms and contribute to the acquisition of social roles (parents, relatives, educators, peers, teachers, leaders of youth groups, etc.). Socialization institutions are institutions that direct the socialization process and influence it (school, universities, state, enterprises, army, parties, church, courts, television, etc.).
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Course work The essence and signs of socialization 430 ₽ Abstract The essence and signs of socialization 240 ₽ Examination The essence and signs of socialization 240 ₽
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The role of social institutions in the process of socialization:
- ensuring a person’s harmonious entry into the social environment;
- mastering social roles;
- developing your own values and orientations.
Socialization can be viewed as the internalization of social norms. These norms become mandatory for a person because he sets them for himself, they become part of his own individuality. Thanks to this, a person feels an internal need to adapt to the social environment.
In the course of socialization, interaction between people takes place on the basis of mastering social roles. Thanks to the assimilation of established norms, values and behavior patterns by new members of society, society is preserved.
Main goals in human life
We strive to satisfy basic needs: food, comfort, safety, entertainment. The main goals in a person’s life are a happy family, a big house and a carefree old age. All of this refers to long-term goals, in order to progress towards which you need to complete daily short-term ones.
Main goal in life: philosophy
Aristotle believed that the goal of human life is happiness, which consists of thinking and knowing. Thus, the main goal in life according to Aristotle is constant self-development.
L.N. Tolstoy agreed with Aristotle. He believed that the essence of life is self-improvement and personal development.
Kant wrote: “man’s existence has within itself a highest goal, to which, as far as it is in his power, he can subordinate all nature.” According to his thoughts, the purpose of the individual is to work for the good of society. When a person dies, only his works and his activities remain.
Male and female aspirations
A man's goals in life and a woman's goals are different. Men, on average, are inclined to extract resources, to fight for supremacy (in the financial market, in sports). The purpose in the life of an ordinary woman is associated with creative fulfillment, family, and motherhood. This is just a statistic, not a rule. There are ladies who dream of a sports career and financial success, and men who dream of a strong and large family.
Circle of life goals
There is a psychological technique that helps you determine what exactly is missing in your life. For this:
Draw a circle on a piece of paper. Divide it into 8 sectors. Name them like this: “Hobbies”, “Health”, “Personal growth”, “Career”, “Family”, “Environment”, “Creativity”, “Recreation”. Think about each of these areas. What suits you most and what least? Draw each sector with colored markers or pencils. The 100% shaded segment shows your complete satisfaction with this area of life. And the one you leave empty reflects dissatisfaction and the need for change. Draw a similar circle nearby. Now fill it out with how you would like to feel in these areas. Compare what you want with what you actually have
Pay special attention to those areas where the difference is felt most acutely.
The exercise makes it clear which area of your activity has been left unattended. The circle of goals is a good technique that allows you to understand yourself and understand “what’s wrong with you.”
Stages of socialization
The process of socialization begins in the first year of life.
In the process of socialization, the following types of socialization are distinguished:
- Primary, or early socialization, covering the period of childhood (from birth to the formation of a mature personality). It is characterized by the acquisition of general cultural knowledge, the assimilation of initial ideas about the nature of relationships between people and the world as a whole. A special stage of primary socialization is adolescence, during which the child’s abilities and capabilities significantly exceed the prescribed framework of behavior and rules.
- Secondary socialization, or resocialization, includes a period of adjustment to new social conditions of an already mature personality. Includes professional socialization associated with the acquisition of special knowledge, familiarization with a specific subculture, expansion of the range of social roles and social contacts of the individual. Retirement age or loss of working capacity is characterized by changes in lifestyle due to exclusion from the production environment.
Note 2
For a long time it was believed that an individual undergoes only primary socialization, in early and teenage years. However, secondary socialization is inevitable, which is due to the following circumstances.
Changes in the social structure of society that promote orientation towards a certain achieved status of the individual. A professionally successful person, moving up the career ladder, moves to a new social level. This requires mastering new knowledge and skills, i.e. certain changes occur in the personality structure.
The development of society under extreme conditions, during periods of sharp political and socio-economic upheavals, the social structure changes radically. Secondary socialization becomes not just a way to master a new profession. This is the assimilation of a new ideology, the transition to a new social level, the adoption of new political guidelines, the rules of the economic game.
Socialization processes concern the entire lifestyle of a person. Throughout life, the types of socialization activities change: play, studying at school, studying in higher educational institutions, the army, choosing a life path, social work, work activity, transferring experience to young people, etc. The possibilities for choosing behavior expand with age.
From 28 to 35 years old
The point of life is in Leo. A tendency toward adventurism, alcoholism, and drug addiction begins to appear; there is an influx of energy, which not everyone can use correctly; many begin to waste it, indulging in pleasures and entertainment, often empty and worthless. The best way to combat temptations is to study philosophy, religion, and read books that raise morality and purity of soul.
It is very important to choose the right philosophical concept, not to go into sectarianism, not to accumulate negative energy that can destroy a person. Turning point - up to 32 years
From the age of 28, family problems fade into the background, and one’s own ego becomes the main thing. A person tries to prove himself in a team, to be noticed and appreciated. At the age of 29, he takes stock of the years he has lived for the first time. For women, the period is very important - 32 years. Time to change feelings, reconsider your personal relationships. At this age, divorces often occur and new love affairs begin. We must try to analyze the past, weigh all the pros and cons, and not act too quickly. New feelings may not last long, sometimes only a year.
From 0 to 7 years.
The point of life at this age moves according to the most nimble sign - Aries. Children are bursting with energy, they are restless and inquisitive, they immediately want to know everything about everything, and there is no force that could stop them.
And there is no need to restrain a child at this age; on the contrary, we need to give him more freedom, because it is very important for him to assert himself and show his abilities. The task of parents is to instill in the child a feeling of love and compassion for others, and to prevent the development of selfishness and cruelty. After all, the motto of this age and Aries is: “I want!” Don’t let your child hurt animals and other kids, teach them to take care of nature, and cultivate willpower
If you fail to instill these qualities in a child before the age of seven, you will never instill them!=
Planning and plan
The main purpose of planning is to determine possible actions to achieve a goal. Forecasting consequences and their implementation, as well as choosing the best path to the goal. The result of planning is an action plan.
A plan is a description of the sequence of actions, the conditions for their implementation, the required resources, and the rules for their use. And subgoals, the implementation of which allows you to achieve your goal.
Goal setting and planning not only allows you to determine the best way to achieve a goal. But also significantly save resources, for example:
- Time - found to only take 10 minutes a day to plan. Saves an average of 2 hours when doing the same tasks;
- The energy is you. you will do only useful things;
- Relationships - distribution of tasks between household members or delegation;
- Finance - you can clearly distribute income and expenditure of money.
Thus, goal setting and planning make it possible to make the process of self-realization consistent. A plan helps determine the optimal steps to successfully and effectively achieve your life goal.
Main types of plans:
1. MISSION
Abstractly describe the main results that you need to create in your life.
2. STRATEGIC PLANS
These are the most difficult, important and useful goals for self-realization. Most resources can be spent on achieving them, and the results are directly related to the mission of life. For such plans it is very difficult to predict the timing.
3. TACTICAL PLANS
Is part of and depends on a specific strategic plan. With such plans, the end result is known exactly. And you can set an approximate deadline for implementation.
4. OPERATIONAL PLANS
These are goals for which both the result and the path to achieving it are known. The results of these plans provide resources for tactical and strategic purposes. For such plans, you can set fairly precise deadlines.
Video on the topic
How to build a life chart by date of birth:
Now you know how to build a life chart by date of birth, and most importantly, you can decipher it. Numerology has been proving its benefits for several centuries, but it cannot be called an exact science. The living standard chart should be regarded as a hint, not a guide to action.
A twelve-year period is too long a time interval to describe with just one number. Numerology only shows what will dominate a person’s life, but does not exclude both success in difficult periods and failure in good years. The importance of the calendar in a person’s life is enormous, so take advantage of it for your health.
