10 common life problems and how to solve them

Making decisions in work, business and normal everyday life is to a great extent connected with solving various kinds of problems. Not only the state of affairs at the same job, but also well-being, not only material, but also emotional and mental, can depend on how effectively and competently a person solves them. That is why we decided to devote the first lesson of our course specifically to this topic. Let's start by talking about what problems are in general and how they are classified.

Concept and essence

In psychology, the concept of “problem” has several meanings.
To identify difficulties that are psychological in nature, you need to focus on the root of their occurrence. For a psychological problem, it is internal: it is associated with a person’s idea of ​​the world, himself, and interpersonal interactions. Psychological problems often have subtle symptoms and interfere with implementation in several areas of life. There are 4 main zones that affect psychological problems:

1. Individual difficulties. Closely related to physicality. A person who has disorders in this area often has physical health problems. He has obvious or imaginary flaws in appearance, sexual dysfunction, and may have a disability or chronic illness.
2. Subjective difficulties. Associated with the implementation of purposeful actions. People who have problems in this area have a weak will, a low level of intelligence, and they do not have enough motivation for self-development. Subjective problems not only limit opportunities, but also prevent them from looking for ways out of difficult situations.
3. Personal difficulties. They prevent a person from being a full-fledged member of society and participating in social life. Such people have low self-esteem and do not feel part of the group.
4. Individual difficulties. Associated with self-realization. The most difficult type of problem to understand because it is difficult to describe and classify. Such problems include fears associated with life losses: the sudden death of loved ones, illness, a feeling of emptiness, loss of the meaning of life.

Almost every person has psychological problems, but the level of psychological literacy remains low. Often a person lives with a problem all his life, not realizing that he can get rid of it. Therefore, it is important to be able to notice the symptoms and get rid of them in time.

Losing the meaning of life

Depression

• How common: every sixth person experiences What Is Depression? with depression at least once in your life.

The trigger for the occurrence of this disorder is various situations: loss of a job, death of a loved one, illness, childbirth.
The main symptom of Clinical depression is depressed mood. But unlike sadness, depression cannot be overcome by “just getting a grip.” In this state, favorite activities such as communication with loved ones, sports, sex do not bring pleasure. Therefore, gradually a person loses interest in them. Many people's self-esteem drops and it becomes difficult for them to make even the simplest decisions. And this exacerbates the feeling of worthlessness and helplessness. It becomes so difficult to bear these feelings that sometimes depression turns into thoughts of suicide or a desire to harm oneself.

Psychological symptoms may be accompanied by physical ones:

• loss of appetite or, conversely, excess in eating;
• constipation;
• unexplained body pain;
• weakness;
• menstrual irregularities;
• insomnia or constant sleepiness.

You should consult a doctor when these symptoms persist for more than two weeks. But if thoughts of suicide arise, help should be sought as quickly as possible.

During a period of depression, it may seem that no one is able to pull a person out of this state. But that's not true. With proper treatment, most people with clinical depression make a full recovery. At the EMC Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic, experienced doctors work with depression of any severity and other mental disorders. Here they will help you correctly diagnose the disease and create an individual treatment program. When the disorder is severe, acute periods can be spent in an inpatient clinic. EMC provides support to the entire patient's family: there are programs that will teach you how to communicate with those who have mental problems and identify deterioration in time.

To learn more

Psychosomatics

At first glance, mental health does not have much impact on physical health. Patients, when visiting a doctor, describe only physical symptoms, without mentioning psychological difficulties. The doctor cannot make a correct diagnosis, treatment is delayed and does not produce results. The physical manifestations of the disease will not go away until the true cause, the psychological one, is eliminated.

To understand how nervous tension affects the body, you need to open an anatomical atlas. All organs are connected and united by two systems: circulatory and lymphatic. Normally, all processes function continuously: nutrients enter the body with the blood, and together with the lymphatic fluid they are removed from the body.

But if the psychological balance is disturbed, nervous tension arises. The brain, as an internal manager, triggers a survival mechanism that causes the adrenal glands to produce a stress hormone. In a situation of real danger, this gives a person the strength to run away or fight. The psychological problem is not perceived as an objective danger, the person remains tense and the excess hormones are not consumed. Gradually, the stress hormone interferes with the functioning of the brain, digestive and cardiovascular systems.

The somatic manifestation of the disease is the presence of symptoms in the absence of a physiological cause. Wandering pains, muscle spasms, swelling, migraines, a sudden attack of allergies - all these signs can be somatic. If tests and ultrasound do not help find the cause of the malaise, you need to consult a psychologist.

Underdevelopment of developing countries

It has long been noted that wealth in the world is distributed unevenly. Most developed and prosperous countries are located in the north (Europe, North America, Japan), while the southern states are mostly disadvantaged. At the same time, the level of inequality in the world is only increasing. Thus, the incomes of the 500 richest people on Earth are equal to the incomes of the 420 million poorest people in the world.

The consequence of such an uneven distribution of wealth is migration flows directed from the South to the North. Europe is facing record numbers of migrants from Africa and Asia. At the same time, the feeling of injustice in the distribution of income increases anti-American and anti-Western sentiments, and also provides the basis for the development of extremist ideologies that exploit interreligious, interracial and interethnic hatred.

This problem could be solved through direct financial assistance to lagging countries from developed countries. However, today its scale is extremely small. Moreover, due to high corruption, a significant part of it ends up in the pockets of officials of lagging states and does not reach the bulk of the population.

Kinds

It is difficult to create a unified classification of psychological difficulties: there are too many of them and they are often specific. The most common problems:

1. Communication problems. These include a feeling of loneliness, inability to establish contacts with other people, fear of people and communication. In advanced cases, communication problems deprive a person of all development opportunities: in relationships, work, personal life.
2. Age crises. The most well-known problems of the teenage crisis are aggression, mood swings, and a tendency toward antisocial behavior. Crises accompany a person throughout his life. Knowing this makes it easier to bear them.
3. Family problems. A common type of psychological difficulty that affects other aspects of life. Child-parent relationships determine a person's goals and aspirations, even if he denies it. Solving problems within the family usually requires long-term therapy and is associated with strong emotional experiences.
4. Problems in relationships with the opposite sex. These include emotional and sexual disorders, fear of relationships.
5. Problems of individual development. These include problems that were provoked by the external situation. A person who grew up in a traditional family has a high level of trust in the world and low anxiety, while a person from a dysfunctional, dysfunctional family has the opposite.

It is impossible to unambiguously determine which problem is the main one. It is always a complex of reasons affecting a person. And they also need to be eliminated comprehensively, otherwise the symptoms will constantly return.

WHAT IF IT HURTS, IS IT BAD, OR IS IT JUST UNCOMFORTABLE TO LIVE?

So, your life is painful, bad, or simply uncomfortable. This means that your previous patterns of behavior , views on life, methods of interaction, which were probably quite effective in childhood or adolescence, now do not save you , do not help, they simply do not work at the new stage of your life. Most likely not all, but some may be the most important at this moment. Very often you are not even aware of what these patterns are, how exactly you act and how else you can act in such situations.

Moreover, the tougher your upbringing was, the firmer your parents’ beliefs, the narrower your idea of ​​how the world works will be. As a child, you needed restrictions and restrictions to ensure your safety. But when you grow up, it is important for you to learn to look at the world more broadly . Doing this without outside help is very difficult, partly because you are already completely convinced that the world works exactly the way you are used to perceiving it.

That if you work hard or help everyone, denying yourself everything, then you will be happy.

Or if you are obedient, good, sacrifice yourself to an idea or a person, then you will certainly receive retribution or a reward.

But over time, you realize that so much effort has already been put into achieving all this, but it just doesn’t work out: your loved ones leave you, your parents are still dissatisfied with something, your bosses don’t recognize your happiness, rewards, or rewards. How so? You tried so hard! And how else can this be explained if not by global injustice?

It is possible to explain. For example, your reluctance to say goodbye to childhood ideas and illusions. Moreover, for some time you will not be ready to even agree that these are illusions. And rightly so - this requires time and someone’s gaze that will help you see what your established ideas lead to in your present life .

At first, you may encounter such discoveries with resistance. And this is understandable. Since childhood, your psyche has built itself fortress walls and bastions in case of any surprises and troubles, and now it is not ready to so easily give you these walls to be torn to pieces. Who will protect you if you destroy all the walls? What if someone or something hurts or injures you? Are you without walls? And what will protect you then? This is precisely why the restructuring of your ideas and defenses will occur very gradually. After all, fortunately, a psychotherapist will not be able to quickly dismantle old defenses: your psyche will stubbornly fight to maintain its internal ecology.

Example.

As a child, the main value in your family was to be smart, to study a lot and constantly, to shine with erudition, and to constantly improve your intellectual level. Therefore, you had no choice but to study a lot, demonstrate your knowledge all the time in order to be accepted and loved in your family, because it is almost impossible for an outcast child to survive. You did great at school and college - you knew how to study and share your knowledge to the delight of your teachers and parents.

But now a new stage of your life has come: you came to work, and there you no longer need your ability to learn or demonstrate your intelligence, you need to be able to interact with people or make responsible choices or come up with non-standard solutions. And you continue to shine with erudition, and you don’t understand why your colleagues don’t respect you, and your bosses think that you’re not doing a good job. You are so smart! Smarter than them all! You try to be smarter even more, and for some reason this leads to even worse results...

Then a new stage in your life begins. All your peers have already fallen in love more than once, some have already gotten married, and the especially gifted ones have even divorced. And you never had a normal long-term relationship. And it’s clear why, firstly, all girls are terrible fools. It's boring with them. And if you start telling them about some new theory, their gaze glazes over, and further conversation loses all meaning. They are interested in you, but not for long, because they cannot keep the meaning of what you are telling them in focus for a long time. There is no way you can catch that they want to hear something else instead of your theories. But what?

And now you are in crisis. Discontent is beginning to accumulate on all fronts. At the same time, you don’t understand at all why? After all, you did everything right: you studied, you know a lot, then why is everything like this?

Causes of difficulties

A psychological problem is a reaction of the psyche to the external environment, and the cause should be sought not in the person, but in his environment. Factors that make adaptation difficult:

1. Mistakes in education. Too much parental control is just as dangerous as indifference. In the first case, the child is deprived of the feeling of himself as an independent person. In the second, he cannot trust his parents, feels unnecessary and lonely.
2. High expectations. If a person is successful in his dreams, but in reality he fails to realize himself, he develops narcissistic disorder. It often develops in adolescents and becomes the cause of drug addiction, aggression, and loss of contact with reality.
3. Being in a dangerous situation. When a person finds himself in a situation that poses a real threat to life (for example, in a war zone), the psyche mobilizes all resources and is quickly depleted. If you manage to get out of the situation, PTSD develops - a disorder in which a person re-experiences the emotions that he experienced during the danger. Without treatment, this can lead to the development of paranoia and schizophrenia.

A psychologist should look for the cause of problems. If it detects an advanced disorder, medication may be needed. A psychiatrist is already doing this.

Aggression in teenagers

The essence of man in philosophy

The process of development of philosophical thinking is continuous, therefore the philosophy of man of each era was different from the previous one. Modern philosophy identifies 4 main approaches to defining essence:

1. Biological – has a natural origin.
2. Sociological – a product of social relations.
3. Theological – a reflection of the spiritual principle.
4. Sociocosmic – a combination of the three previous aspects.

None of the approaches is dominant, but the sociocosmic approach allows us to gain a broader understanding of the human individual as a subject and object of study.

Typical symptoms

The symptoms of psychological problems are wide-ranging. The appearance of one symptom does not indicate the presence of problems, but a combination of 3 or more signs should alert you. Typical signs:

• headache;
• nausea that appears in the morning, aversion to food;
• bloating, constipation;
• tingling in fingers;
• frequent viral diseases (colds, herpes)
• hand tremors, aching bones, like flu;
• severe itching, desire to wash hands;
• increased sweating;
• sudden weight loss or weight gain;
• cardiopalmus;
• cough and sore throat without other symptoms of acute respiratory infections;
• enuresis (especially in preschool children);
• strong feeling of hunger, constant overeating;
• feeling tired for no apparent reason;
• problems with potency, lack of sexual interest.

Separately, it is worth highlighting a panic attack as a unique set of symptoms indicating the presence of a psychological problem. A panic attack is a prolonged (from several minutes to several hours) state of discomfort in which the patient experiences a number of unpleasant sensations:

• coldness in the extremities, itching, goosebumps;
• difficulty breathing, chest pain;
• disorientation, feeling of “waking sleep”;
• attack of weakness;
• dizziness, fainting.

A panic attack, like other symptoms, appears suddenly. At first they happen rarely, then the frequency of manifestations increases. If it has been established that the cause is psychological and not physiological, special treatment will be required to eliminate it.

The concepts of life, death and immortality, as one of the fundamental issues of philosophy

Life among most peoples was perceived as a negative phenomenon. No one knows for certain whether there is life after death. Therefore, death frightens people and at the same time is a virtue - it relieves the torment of physical existence.

Immortality is the extension of life to infinity. Philosophers of all schools and directions have thought about the potential possibility of immortality.

The following types of immortality are distinguished:

1. Gene transfer. Extending your life in children is the main method of relative immortality, which people consciously resort to.
2. Preservation of the body. Embalming, mummification, cryogenesis can protect the body from decomposition and provide the potential for resurrection to life in the future.
3. Connection of body, consciousness and the Universe. For Eastern currents of philosophy, it is typical to perceive the individual as a part of the Universe, which after death will return to the cycle of matter.
4. Creation. Scientific discoveries and works of art allow the names of their creator to remain for centuries.
5. State of altered consciousness. Meditation and auto-training allow you to go beyond consciousness, penetrate into another time, dimension, and become part of the Universe.

The modern direction of philosophy - transhumanism - suggests that immortality is available to humans thanks to the endless regeneration of body cells. In the future, scientific advances will make it possible to extend life by several hundred and even thousands of years.

Diagnosis of mental state

The cause of a psychological problem can only be determined through personal consultation with a specialist. Psychologists use several search methods:

1. Conversation. Diagnosis begins with this. It is usually not possible to find a problem during the first conversation, but the psychologist notes which area of ​​life the client is reluctant to talk about and then works with it.
2. Tests. Various questionnaires, graphic techniques, and free choice tests help to identify hidden experiences and evaluate worldview.
3. Observation. It is carried out within a hospital, emergency room or simulated problem situation. A psychologist observes how a person behaves, how he speaks, gestures, and in what position he stands or sits. Gestures are almost impossible to control and can reveal information about a person's self-perception and worldview.
4. Hypnosis. If the patient is secretive, the psychologist puts him into a state of hypnosis. This allows you to identify repressed memories and get to experiences that the patient ignores.

Having identified what caused the development of the problem, the psychologist selects a suitable means of therapy:

• consultations (individual and group);
• therapeutic games;
• toning and relaxation exercises;
• art therapy, creative exercises, color and sound therapy;
• fairytale therapy, record keeping.

The duration of treatment and the need for more serious medications are selected individually. At the same time, the psychologist is engaged in education, increasing the patient’s level of awareness.

Problems

If you have a problem, try to solve it. If you can't solve it, then don't make a problem out of it.

Buddha

Problems, our whole life is connected with them. There's no escape from them. No matter how you try to avoid problems, no matter how you treat them, you will still encounter them from time to time. It's unavoidable. We all experience some discomfort from problems, and sometimes even fear, depending on what kind of problem we are faced with. But no matter what sensations we experience from them and no matter how we feel about them, one thing is obvious - we need to do something about them. And this does not always mean that they must be solved, it also means that you need to learn to live with some of them. Then a person will feel good, confident and even happy, regardless of what problems already exist in his life and what others will arise. In this article I will teach you how to do this. I will tell you how to look at problems, how to solve them and how to get along with them in order to feel normal and not be afraid of anything.

What is the problem

A problem is a task that has no solution. More precisely, there is a solution, but it is not known to the one who solves this problem, so it turns into a problem for him. And since our lives are full of tasks that we don’t know how to solve, we all have a great many problems. Another thing is that we do not directly encounter all of them; not all problems that we do not know how to solve, we generally need to solve. Therefore, most of the problems that exist in the world bypass us.

Also, a problem may be a person’s non-acceptance of some natural, but undesirable things for him. In other words, a problem can be anything that a person himself considers a problem for himself, not so much because he does not understand it, although that too, but because he cannot accept it. , agree with this. But here we can say that people also do not accept something because of a lack of understanding of why it is necessary and because of the inability to live with it. But people don’t know how to live with much that is in this world and therefore don’t want to. They do not accept the world holistically, with everything that is in it, therefore, in many things that are undesirable for themselves, they see problems that in reality do not exist. These are the kinds of problems we especially often have to deal with in psychology. It’s not that people are faced with unsolvable problems, but rather they don’t want to see any natural phenomena in life. For example, violence, which has always been and is, but which many people do not like, mainly because of the fear of it. They see violence as a problem, which is not entirely true. It is most likely impossible to live completely without violence, although it is possible and necessary to reduce its manifestation, and people have achieved some success in this direction. But it is impossible to completely abandon violence, like many other things in this life. This means that you need to accept these things, even if you work with them and on them, but you need to accept them so as not to consider them a problem for yourself. This can be considered an adaptation to this world.

Well, problems can also be subjective - this is when a particular person cannot solve a certain problem, and it turns into a problem for him, or when he sees a problem in something, without accepting something, without agreeing with something. And objective problems can be when no one or most people can solve some problem and therefore it becomes a problem for them. Or when all or most people do not accept something in life as the norm and this also becomes a problem for them. For example, the problem of death is common to many people who do not want to put up with it, consider it something bad, abnormal, undesirable, something that should be avoided and that it is better not to think about. This is an objective virtual problem that does not exist on its own; it lives in the heads of many people. And an objective real problem can be considered, for example, the problem of wars, which affect the lives of many people, making it worse. This problem is completely solvable, although it may be difficult to solve completely, but it can be dealt with to a large extent. Now let's talk about such an unusual side of this issue as the benefits that we get from all kinds of problems.

Benefit from problems

Usually people avoid problems, since they mentally and physically exhaust a person, create discomfort, and sometimes pain, both mental and physical. Therefore, people have no great desire to solve any problems. And many cannot even imagine that there is benefit from problems, almost always. It is not always the same, but it is always there. And a person should always look for this benefit when he has new problems. For people, a problem is something wrong that shouldn't be there. But in fact it should, because problems are a very significant part of this life. And the main benefit from them is maintaining a person in an awake, conscious state and strengthening his internal qualities. When I talk about the waking state, I mean the alertness and mental tension that a person uses to solve problems. If there were no problems, as something incomprehensible and undesirable, people would live in an absolutely predictable and unchanging world, which would make their life unbearably boring, and themselves extremely primitive. After all, why think about anything if you don’t have problems, you can live in a sleeping state without straining your mind at all. You can live such a life automatically, just like in a dream, when everything goes by itself, and you are a simple observer.

A problem, and even more so a big problem, is an excellent exercise for the mind and a means of strengthening character. This is exactly how it should be looked at, as a means that makes us stronger. Problems give us the necessary stress on our mind, just as physical activities provide the necessary stress on our muscles. If you lie in bed all day long and do nothing, your muscles will atrophy and you will become a completely unviable being, physically and spiritually very weak. Also with the mind, if all sorts of problems did not burden it, it would become less and less effective, until eventually it would weaken so much that a person with its help would not be able to solve even the simplest everyday problems.

The next thing where problems are useful is change. Thanks to problems, a person can begin to change his life. And some problems themselves change his life. Sometimes it is simply impossible not to change anything in yourself and in your life when you are faced with certain problems that will force you to do something new, something special that you have never done before. Life always changes, nothing in this world lasts forever. And the more resilient a person will be, the faster and more accurately he adapts to these changes. Well, you know, survival of the fittest. Here, problems, if not avoided, ignored, or feared, make us more adapted to life and, therefore, more resilient. And this is why they are very useful for us.

The only thing that is important to consider in this matter, so that problems do not harm a person, is their seriousness relative to the abilities of an individual person. Each person needs to accustom himself to solving problems in such a way as to regularly solve problems that are feasible for him, which will not lead him to a state of despair and will not break him morally. Because serious, very serious problems that a person faces, being completely unprepared for them, can psychologically suppress him, break him, after which he will only become weaker and more vulnerable to external difficulties. Here, of course, you can’t guess what blow fate will deal you, so you can prepare for it in advance. But we can all look for problems that are feasible for us and solve them regularly. Do not avoid them, do not be afraid, but look for or even select from among the existing ones in order to solve and thus strengthen your mind and your psyche, in order to be ready in the future to solve more complex problems that life can present to us at the most unexpected moment.

Other people's problems

To succeed in solving problems and become morally resilient to them, you need to try to solve not only your own, but also other people’s problems. Or even mostly other people’s problems, of which there are always plenty, because many people are ready to happily dump them on someone else. This is a great opportunity for development - solving other people's problems. Any type of activity that involves solving other people's problems always requires special mental effort from people. It’s not easy to figure out your life, it’s a much wider range of actions. And a person, thanks to such work, becomes prepared for many problems that he will be able to crack like seeds if they appear in his own life, because he has already solved them more than once. When a person deals with problems more often and learns from the example of others what it means to find himself in a particular problematic situation, for him many problems will cease to be problems, they will turn into tasks that he knows how to solve thanks to the acquired work experience with them.

The same work as a psychologist is morally difficult work. Because a specialist in this field constantly deals with other people's problems, which people dump on him in a chaotic manner. And not every person can do this business, like any other, where you have to constantly delve into the essence of other people’s problems, think about them, look for a solution for them, apply it with the help of the clients themselves, who are not always ready to follow the instructions of a specialist. There are many moments here that can mentally exhaust a specialist. That’s why not everyone is ready to do such work. People believe that they have enough of their own problems to bother themselves with other people’s problems, so they try to avoid problematic, complaining, whining people who take up a lot of energy with their complaints about life. Everyone wants to deal with those people who give energy, and do not take it away. But such work makes a specialist intellectually and psychologically stronger. Over time, his psyche will adapt to emotional and intellectual stress, and other people’s problems will no longer be as painful as his own, as they were at the very beginning, when he was just starting to deal with them. People do not understand that problems cause them discomfort and suffering not because they exist, but because people themselves are not used to them, they are not accustomed to solving them regularly.

Do this, start solving other people’s problems, and after a while you will get used to this kind of work, after which it will be much easier for you to deal with your own problems. Well, let's talk about how to work with problems below.

Problem Solving Logic

There are no problems that cannot be solved, because this would contradict the logic of the structure of the world, which clearly shows that the more we learn about it, the more problems that are initially unsolvable, and therefore are a problem for us, we can solve. Therefore, any problem is unsolvable only until we study it. Knowledge plus thinking is a means of solving problems. Both need to be constantly improved. Then it will be easier to deal with problems. They will never disappear, but for a thinking and knowledgeable person they will not be something that causes suffering.

As for the logic of solving problems, that is, the methodology for solving them, its simplified version is quite easy to understand. Problem solving begins with a gradual search for information on the unknown points of which it consists. To do this, the problem is broken down into its component parts so that it can be seen what exactly we do not know, do not understand, in each specific part of the problem, which is why it has become a problem for us. Most often, such an analysis of a problem begins with studying its history. We are looking for the moment from which the problem became a problem for us. We can go even further back to see what led to the situation, which in turn led us to the problem. And if desired, the history of all these situations can be studied in order to even better see the cause-and-effect chain that led us to the current link. But this deepening into the history of the problem, in my experience of working with various problems, is not always appropriate. Because there are a great many factors influencing the occurrence of various situations in our lives, and not all cause-and-effect relationships can be taken into account in order to confidently speak about the chronology of events that led to the birth of the problem, which we have reconstructed in detail. That is, detailed analysis of a problem, delving further and further into its history can be just as harmful as completely abandoning such work. Such an analysis can require a lot of time and effort from the person, from the people solving the problem that has arisen, and may not produce a tangible result, but will only confuse the situation further. Because, I repeat, not all factors influencing the occurrence of various situations leading to a problem, we are able not only to study, but even to notice. Therefore, it is more reasonable, in order to save resources and time, to pay more attention to the most obvious reasons that led us to the problematic situation and are not so distant as to mentally return to the deep past to study the history of the occurrence of these reasons.

The simplest thing that can be done at the first stage of solving a problem is to determine the moment when our personal interference in the course of events gave rise to this problem. Let's take the simplest generalized example: something is not working out for you in what you are doing now. It seems to you that you are not getting the desired result and therefore you conclude that you have a problem, because you do not know what and how else you need to do in order for the desired result to appear. To solve this problem, you need to break it down into its component parts. What are its components? The first part, in this case, is the idea with which your business began. When your business began, the story of the birth of your problem began. You conceived something and then began to act, according to a plan or without it, here everything depends on the complexity of the plan itself. This is the beginning of a problem, even if at the very beginning it did not exist as such. And in this part of your problem, you need to find out what your idea was based on, what knowledge, reflections and assumptions that give you confidence that such a thing is even possible to do and that you need it. That is, you need to understand your motives and ideas about your business. Maybe it is completely absurd in its logic, maybe such things are generally impossible to do, at least in the existing reality at the present time. And you took on it, for some reason believing that it could be realized by you. And why? This is what we need to work with. In order not to bother with the subsequent components of the problem, it would be wise to first understand the reasonableness of the intentions, the ideas on which it is based.

But let's say you have reason to believe that the thing you are doing can be done, because you have examples of how other people do such things or have an impeccable theory indicating that such and such a goal is achievable. Then you need to move on to the next component of the problem - actions. Or to an action plan, if there is one. Thus, when you have justified for yourself the need for your business and its reasonableness, having weighed all the pros and cons, you need to properly analyze all the actions that you did and that you needed to do in order for this plan of yours implement.

Any action always consists of different stages, or one might say, their different steps. And, therefore, from the intermediate results achieved from each step taken. You must know how to take each step or small step, if we are talking about the most simple actions, and what result should be achieved, so that you can be sure that you are doing everything correctly. Let’s say you decide to build a house and then the first step that you will need to take, in addition to the plan, finding finance, digging a pit and other things that we will consider small steps, will be laying the foundation. This is the first step. After all, it is from the foundation that the construction of a house begins, and not from the same roof or walls. First, the foundation is laid, then the next stage of work, then the next, and so on until the end. And after each such stage, we record the result, look at what happened, how well it turned out, and whether everything is going according to plan. In our example, you must know how to lay the foundation, what is required for this, and what specific tasks to solve. This is provided that it is at this stage that you cannot cope with the task facing you - to build a house. And when you have learned how to lay a foundation, you must evaluate the result of laying it in order to make sure that in this part of the problem you are solving, everything is in perfect order; the problem with building a house, when it exists, does not concern such a part as laying the foundation. Well, if there are no problems with this, then you need to consider the next step, then another one, and so on, until you come across something, some step or little step that you don’t know how to do, at which there is a successful solution the task is interrupted. And then you need to study this link in the chain - look for information, think in order to understand how to take this step and further move in solving your problem, which will already lose the status of a problem, because you will figure out one of its components. At least until you again come across something incomprehensible and unknown while taking or studying your other steps.

You need to do this with all cases in order to understand how problems arise in them, where exactly they arise, in what link, at what stage, and study the unknown in these links in order to solve the problem. Everything is done step by step and the intermediate result is evaluated. And the more complex the task, the more steps it should be broken down into to make it easier to solve and prevent it from becoming a problem. When we evaluate our actions, analyzing these intermediate steps in our business, we look at what we did according to the plan, sample, example, theory and whether these steps were carried out in the correct sequence, because it may still turn out that a problem arises due to inconsistency of actions. That is, the result does not appear because another sequence of actions is needed for its appearance. And then, if everything is fine, all steps are done correctly and in the correct sequence, we look at what results we got. Here, too, you need to be careful and see intermediate success, even if it is very small. Because sometimes it happens that a person sees a problem in something that does not exist, because he believes that he has not achieved the desired goal, although he is already halfway towards it, he just does not understand it. In the example of the same house, a person may want too quick a result and, at the stage of laying the foundation, conclude that building the house is not possible because it does not have a roof, although this intermediate result indicates that everything is going right, but for roofs until the time has come. That’s why you need to evaluate the implementation of your business step by step in order to understand whether there is a problem at all or whether it’s all a matter of time, which is needed more until the final main result is achieved. If this is how the problem appears, then it is related to timing, and not to errors in actions or not knowing how to perform them. A person simply does not understand in what time frame his case can be resolved and mistakenly believes that he is doing something wrong and therefore sees a problem in his case. In other words, he is not patient and therefore his problem is not real, but fictitious, it is located exclusively in his head.

And the last component of the matter, which should be dealt with in order to understand where exactly the problem arises with it, is the consequences of its implementation. We can figure out our plan, we can figure out our actions - the sequence of our steps and intermediate results, but still, the matter ultimately may not give the desired result, because its implementation can lead to consequences that will annul the previously set goal . That is, the job will be done and done correctly, the result will be obtained, but it will lead to something undesirable. Well, let’s say a person decided to create a business and get rich with its help. And in the end, he created a business, but did not get rich, or, on the contrary, he also became poor, because he got into debt, spent all his savings, as well as time, not allowing him to do other important things. And this became a problem for him. He does not understand why his life, with the result achieved, did not become the way he planned. If we analyze such a problem, then, I repeat, at all stages, starting from creating the conditions for its occurrence and ending with the final result, everything can be correct, except for the result in the form of a full return on the achieved goal - improving the financial situation. Why does this happen, why does something, after it is done, depreciate itself and, as a result, the solved problem becomes a problem, as if it had not been solved? Very important question. And the answer to it will be a person’s lack of understanding of the costs of his desires, his goals. Simply put: every goal, every desire, has its own price. Or your costs. If you do not take them into account, then a person will solve problems, receive the planned results, but will not have the desired outcome associated with them from his actions. Using a house as an example, it may look like this: I built a house, but did not experience joy. Or, he got rich, but his happiness did not increase. Or, you found your love, and it led you not to joy, but to suffering. You can also say that a person achieved victory, but it did not bring joy or the expected benefit - this is a “Pyrrhic victory”, it gives less than it takes. That is why it is necessary to approach solving problems with the broadest possible view of them, especially in the context of time, in order to either see in advance the consequences of what was done and not then consider as a problem what should have happened, along with what the person was waiting for, or , having seen unexpected consequences from achieving one’s goal, either accept them as inevitable costs, or switch to another goal if a person is not ready to pay the obligatory price for the realization of his desires.

A problem may not always be a consequence of an unsolved problem; it does not always arise due to a person’s ignorance and lack of understanding of how to solve this or that problem. A problem is not always something that a person does not know how to cope with. There are also frequent cases when the problem is simply the result of a person’s limited view of the situation, when he does not understand that the result he received is the best possible or best known result in such cases and one should not count on more when inventing a problem because your idea of ​​the ideal option. Well, it’s like creating an engine that will work according to known physical principles, but will not meet the requirements of a person’s idea - to create a perpetual motion machine capable of generating energy from nothing. In this case, a possible result will be obtained, not an ideal one. Maybe the ideal one is also possible, but achieving it will require solving problems in a completely different plane. Therefore, in what was received, taking into account the possible, there is no need to see a problem. In relations between people, such logic, or better to say, such desires of people are expressed in the fact that people want to see in each other an ideal that would combine incompatible qualities. Or rather, even mutually exclusive. This is what creates a problem for them when they see that they do not have such an ideal. But there is something that is possible and which in a particular case may be quite sufficient. And striving for the ideal, you can end up with nothing at all. Here we return to the first component of any problem related to something that a person wants to do - to a plan, a goal, a desire. At this stage, it is desirable, although not always possible, to evaluate the consequences and costs of implementing your idea, your desire. You must at least understand the smallest thing, that in any deed done, in any goal achieved, in any realized desire there will be its downsides, its shortcomings. You can't go into the water without getting wet, so you need to be prepared for this.

This is how it turns out that sometimes a problem arises only in a person’s head and it must be solved there. In real life there may not be a problem; there are only results adequate to certain conditions. In real life, one or another task can be solved, all steps to solve it can be completed without any unforeseen intermediate results, all goals are achieved. Only the consequences of achieving these goals can cause dissatisfaction, although they were inevitable. Or a person’s life can develop in accordance with his actions, which can give just such a life. And he will see this as a problem if he doesn’t like his life, believing that it should have been different. But it’s only in his mind that it should be different, and life exists according to its own rules. Therefore, it would be logical to conclude: if we want to solve a problem, then we can start solving it from the end - making sure that it generally exists outside of our head. Because if it is only in her, in her head, then it needs to be solved there, without trying to change anything in the outside world, so as not to create new problems that will already be more real. By the way, this rule is not absolute, so sometimes we can adjust this world to our ideal ideas about it. It is not for nothing that there is an idea according to which we are born to make a fairy tale come true. And if a person sees a problem for himself in something that has always been the norm, this does not mean that he cannot solve it in reality, and not just in his head. But this also does not mean that such a decision will be easy. Because the main question in this case is: “How?” — how to do what we want, there may not be a ready answer. And no one knows where to look for him. But it's definitely there somewhere. To find such answers, you should use scientific logic, the essence of which boils down to searching for something new.

The inevitability of problems

The most important thing to understand about problems is that they are inevitable. This life is impossible without problems. Because problems open the world to us from an unknown side, they constantly teach us something new. In addition, some problems simply cannot be ignored; they have to be solved, either by ourselves or with the help of someone else. They cannot be avoided or ignored even if one wants to. It’s just that if you don’t deal with them for a long time, they can get worse, accumulate and then hit us so hard that we may not be able to withstand such a blow. Some problems cause people to break down so much that they can completely lose their personality. And problems can also lead to the death of a person. Therefore, it is better not to avoid them in your life, but, on the contrary, to meet them halfway through your activity. After all, the more you want to achieve in life, the more problems you will have. Problems accompany success, victories, greatness. The greater the person, the greater will be the problems he will face. We can also say that by what problems a person deals with, one can determine the greatness of his personality. Great people, ambitious people, have much more serious problems than those who do not stand out from the mainstream. But at the same time, great people treat their problems much calmer than people of lower rank, whose problems are small, but panic because of them can be great.

I believe that from childhood a person should not be set up for a problem-free, easy life by helping him in everything possible. He himself must cope with his difficulties, he must fight for his interests himself, without outside help, with rare exceptions when his problems exceed his capabilities many times over. And so, the less we interfere in a person’s life from childhood, the better for him. Each of us needs an adequate load necessary for normal development. And it creates problems for us. You can try to protect yourself from many problems, but that will give you. Today you are calm because you dodged some difficulty that could create a problem for you, you threw it onto someone else, hid, ran away from it, and tomorrow it will push you against the wall and break you, or worse, destroy you. You are defenseless against difficulties if you avoid them all the time so as not to deal with problems, including those that you could easily solve. But you chose to avoid them and did not pass the test necessary for your development, so that it would make you stronger. But if you have a whole army of solved or even simply experienced problems behind you, then try, break you. In this case, you will no longer be so frail, with such and such life experience.

So, don't be afraid of problems. And in order not to be afraid of them, look for opportunities to constantly solve them. Whether it’s your problem or someone else’s, it doesn’t matter. The main thing is that you have them. More precisely, you will have them anyway, but it will be better if you find them for yourself than if they find you. When any problem or problems arise, you just need to ask yourself the right question or questions to start looking into it. The question triggers the work of thinking, which creates new questions that help find or come up with new information with which the problem can be solved, turning it into a task. Thinking and knowledge are the cure for problems. And questions are the search for the necessary knowledge through reflection. When thinking, a person moves from the data he knows about the problem to the unknown, which, in fact, makes the problem a problem. He studies them, these unknown data, until he understands all their logic, until all the components of the problem facing him become clear to him. This way you can solve any problems. The only question is the time during which they will be resolved. But the main thing is to do this kind of work, and not to neglect or ignore problems.

Don’t look for easy ways in life, trying to avoid everything difficult, unpleasant and uninteresting. Although they exist, these easy paths, they often lead people to serious consequences. And, yes, here’s another thing – problems themselves are not solved. And if some of them are resolved, it is often not in the way we would like.

How to prevent the development of mental disorders?

People are susceptible to stress to varying degrees, but even the most resilient need a regular “reset.” To prevent the development of psychological problems you can use:

1. Short meditations. This is a real phenomenon in the field of psychology: 5-7 minutes a day are enough to feel the result. Meditation is self-contemplation. You just need to close your eyes and breathe deeply, not paying attention to the surrounding noise. Meditation will help you regain strength in the afternoon and relieve fatigue in the evening. Practitioners claim that it helps not to age longer and maintains mental clarity.
2. Grounding. A technique close to meditation, but you don’t need to close your eyes. You need to focus your gaze on some beautiful object. For example, look at a flower or a painting. You should try to prevent extraneous thoughts from arising, thinking only about the chosen subject.
3. Keeping a diary. Writing down past events and impressions helps you rethink them and not get hung up on negative emotions.
4. Morning pages. A method to relieve obsessive thoughts. Immediately after waking up, you need to write 5-10 pages, writing down everything that comes to mind.
5. Water procedures. Washing is not only about hygiene. It has been proven that water calms and energizes. After a difficult day or unpleasant event, you need to take a bath or shower.

Also, the prevention of psychological problems will be maintaining a healthy lifestyle: a sufficient level of physical activity, proper nutrition, maintaining water balance. This is important for both young people and older people.

Interaction between man and nature

In science, the definition of “nature” includes the entire material world of the Universe. It includes all natural and cultural sites.

Natural objects can be:

• living - a collection of organisms.
• inanimate - substances and a field with energy.

Living objects are the result of life that arose and developed in a geographic environment. The geographical environment is understood as that part of nature that is necessary for human life (flora and fauna, soil, earth's crust, water, lower atmosphere). The geographical environment is involved in the process of social existence.

Since the advent of society, natural processes on Earth have been divided into:

• natural;
• specifically social;
• natural-social.

The current level of development of society allows the individual not to depend directly on nature, satisfying his needs with the help of scientific achievements. Indirect dependence increases. Man transforms nature and increases his power over it.

Demographic problems and resource depletion

The demographic crisis is the most important problem of our time. In developed countries, the birth rate is falling and the population is declining; in lagging countries, the opposite is true. This leads to the inevitable emigration of the poor population to the territories of more developed countries.

What global problems are caused by the demographic crisis? According to a forecast from the University of Washington, by the end of the century the world's population will be about 8.8 billion people, while the population structure will change significantly. Approximately a quarter of the population will be represented by people over 80 years of age, the working-age population will decrease, which will affect economic growth.

However, the main conclusion is that the planet simply does not have enough resources for the entire population:

• Non-renewable resources (minerals) are inexorably depleted.
• Renewable resources and food will be in short supply due to population growth and a reduction in working-age people.

Population growth: Unsplash
To prevent a crisis, governments are implementing demographic programs. However, their possibilities are limited, because the state cannot violate women's rights by forcing or prohibiting them from giving birth. Therefore, every country must take measures to improve the standard of living of citizens and their rational use of resources.

How does Kazakhstan participate in solving global problems?

The most important steps were taken a long time ago, they are taught about them in schools: testing was stopped and the nuclear test site was closed, Kazakhstan abandoned the use of nuclear weapons, the International Convention on the Conservation of Biodiversity was ratified, and an environmental code is in force. How much this helps is a separate question, because we have problems with the practical implementation of measures.

By 2030, Kazakhstan plans to increase the share of alternative energy use to 30% of the total volume. Another important step is maintaining peace. Foreign policy is aimed at concluding mutually beneficial cooperation to strengthen relations with other states.

The plan for the Fourth Industrial Revolution and industrialization, which the President spoke about in his Address to the People in January 2021, should help us reduce social inequality, increase GDP and incomes.

It is also worth remembering the theory of small deeds: each of us must start with ourselves to make the world a better place. One person's efforts don't seem to make a difference. But nevertheless, the garbage that you take with you after relaxing in nature is garbage that will not pollute the environment. A small step by each of us can change the situation around the world.

Let go of the negativity.

Currently, various areas of life and conditions cause you to suppress your feelings. It is extremely detrimental to your physical and mental well-being if keeping your emotions to yourself can lead to pain and other illnesses. I understand that you cannot tell your boss that he is wrong, but you can release your emotions when you are in a private place. You can break plates or cry into your pillow. Try to do things that will help you let go of negativity from your mind.